(June 2004)
If you make a mistake about citing someone, it is always BETTER to include TOO MANY citations THAN TOO FEW. If you use too few appropriate citations, people will think you are stealing someone else's words or ideas.
It is perfectly acceptable to use someone else's words and/or ideas only if you give that person credit for the words and/or ideas.
1. In your paper, IF you use someone else's EXACT WORDS (word, phrase, sentence, paragraph):
Use quote marks " "
Give in-text citation (Author's surname, year published, page number(s))
Include complete citation in Reference / Bibliography section
2. In your paper, IF you use someone else's IDEA(S) BUT you DO NOT use EXACT WORDS,
OR EVEN IF you use someone's IDEA(S) AND PARAPHRASE:
Give in-text citation (surname, year, page number)
Include complete citation in Reference / Bibliography section
Do NOT use quote marks
3. When should a page number be included?
If you directly quote something from someone else (1 above)
If you paraphrase someone else's SPECIFIC idea (2 above)
BUT NOT if the information is distributed throughout the other person's article; in this case, just give Author's surname and year published
No. 4 is true too, BUT it may be difficult to understand. Follow the preceding guidelines very strictly until you understand what 4 means.
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4. If you have assimilated some BASIC information from someone else and it is now a part of YOU, you may not be required to cite a source:
You do NOT have give an in-text citation if it is now a part of your general knowledge.
BUT: If it is SPECIFIC information that you know ONLY because you read X's article about it, you must cite the source.
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